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...statistical methods used in epidemiology and more widely in medical statistics. Section 1 introduces cohort studies in which individuals are classified according to their exposure and followed forward in time to evaluate disease outcomes. Section 2 looks at models for cohort studies. Section 3 introduces case-control studies in which individuals are selected according to...

...statistics. Section 1 discusses several ways of estimating probabilities. Section 2 reviews ideas of conditional probabilities and introduces Bayes’ theorem and its use in updating beliefs about a proposition, when data are observed, or information becomes available. Section 3 introduces the main ideas of the Bayesian inference process. The prior distribution summarises...

...statistics if we can't even be sure if they're singular or plural? Kevin McConway has an answer...Find out more about The Open University's Mathematics courses and qualifications Statistics... What is it? or What Are They? Most people have some sort of idea, or at least think they have, about what statistics is. But before we get into that, there’s a basic question to...

...statistics is vital in many branches of engineering, particularly in production and design. We look to automobile design and component production, but the underlying principles could apply to any activity where large numbers of measurements are involved...Automobile manufacturers typically want to sell as many vehicles as they can make. This means that they need to appeal...

...statistics in the news, how do you know which COVID-19 stats are accurate? Who can you trust?...In this panel discussion, Dr Katie Chicot hosts statisticians Dr Kaustubh Adhikari & Professor Kevin McConway who explain when you can and can’t trust statistics. The discussion will cover important questions you should ask yourself about the statistics in front of you: Who...

...statistics in everyday news? Complete our activity to find out!...There are a lot of numbers (and maths!) in the news around us. It is important to be savvy about the way we read and interpret numbers that we see or hear. By the end of this activity, you will learn: how to read and ask questions about health data and reports in the news how to look at graphs and charts,...

...statistical data. She interviews Carol Calvert on the issue, following her talk entitled 'Data – love the uncertainty'. ...As a pure mathematician, I've always been uncomfortable with the uncertainty in statistics. I work in the realm of absolute certainty. Certainty can persist for all time, and perhaps we could say, certainty can even persist outside of time. I can...