Acknowledgements

This free course was written by Naomi Barker. It was first published in May 2019.

Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] ), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence.

The material acknowledged below is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course:

Text

Langston Hughes: Langston Hughes and the Chicago Defender: Essays on Race, Politics and Culture 1942-1962 (University of Illinois Press). Used by permission.

Images

Course image: Kurt Wittman / Omni-Photo Communications, Inc. / Universal Images Group

Figure 1 Photo Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images (via Britannica Image Quest)

Figure 2 © Martin Wahlborg/iStock

Figure 3 Photo by Keystone/Getty Images (via Britannica Image Quest)

Figure 4 © mediaphotos/iStock

Figure 5 c.1860s (stereograph photo) (via Britannica Image Quest).

Figure 6 Lebrecht Music and Arts/Universal Images Group (via Britannica Image Quest)

Figure 7 © Slavica/iStock

Figure 8 Lebrecht Music and Arts/Universal images group via Britannica Image Quest).

Figure 9 © dimitris_k/iStock

Figure 10 © Rawpixel/iStock

Audio-visual elements

Videos 1, 2 and 3 © The Open University

Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.

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