Acknowledgements
This course was written by Monica Grady and Phillipa Smith.
Except for third party materials and otherwise stated in the acknowledgements section, this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] .
The material acknowledged below is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this course:
Week 1
Images
Course image © monkeybusinessimages/iStockphoto.com
Figure 1 © ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen)
Figure 3 © Matthew Spinelli
Figure 4 © Brendan Alexander (Donegal Skies)
Figure 6 Orion image created by Sidney Hall (1788-1831). Public domain in Wikipedia
Figure 7 © ESA/Akira Fujii http://www.esa.int/ESA
Figure 14 Adapted from © joiseyshowaa in Flickr https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/
Figure 15 adapted from: © Mouser in Wikipedia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Figure 16 Adapted from: http://www.copswiki.org/w/pub/Common/SeasonsGreetings/SouthernCrux.jpg. http://www.copswiki.org/
Figure 17 © Nigel Chadwick in Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Steel_sculpture_on_the_Prime_Meridian Greenwich-geograph.org.uk-771282.jpg
Figure 18 © photograph: Technical Museum, Oslo, Norway/Public domain in Wikimedia Commons http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Chronometer_01.JPG
Figure 19 © DENES Translations in Wikipedia http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orion_Constellation_II.JPG
Figure 20 © Zwergelstern and Patrick Chevalley/Public Domain in Wikipedia http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Position_Alpha_Ori.png
Figure 21 © Starry Night Software
Figure 22 © Luc Perrot
Figure 23 Courtesy: Monica Grady
Audio and video
1.2.1 Patterns in the sky: Video: © The Open University and its licensors: Star field images: NASA APOD/© David Cortner; NASA APOD/© Philippe Moussette (Observatoire du Mont Cosmos); © sololos/iStockphoto,com; A. Fujii/ESA; NASA APOD/© Matthew Spinelli / Illustrations: NASA/HubbleSource/U.S. Naval Observatory Library / Audio: Book of Secrets © David O’Brien in AudioNetwork.com
1.2.2 Orion in 3D: Video: courtesy NASA
Week 2
Images
Figure 1 © NASA/Goddard/SDO AIA Team
Figure 4 © NASA, ESA and the Hubble Heritage Team
Figure 6 © Hubble Legacy Archive; Processing - Robert Gendler
Figure 7 © Rogelio Bernal Andreo
Figure 8 © NASA
Figure 9 © Justin Quintal in Wikipedia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en
Figure 11 © NASA/SDO/GSFC
Figure 13 © NASA, ESA, K. Noll (STScI)
Figure 15 © NASA
Figure 16 © Corradi, R., Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, NAS/CXC/SAO; Optical: NASA/STScl
Figure 17 © ESA/Herschel/PACS/L. Decin et al
Audio and video
Intoduction: Video: courtesy of NASA, ESA, and G. Bacon (STScI)
2.1.6 Birth of a star: Video: courtesy of Institute of Physics
2.3 The death of a star: Video: courtesy of Institute of Physics http://www.iop.org/
2.3.3 Beautiful Supernovae: Video: © The Open University
2.3.5 Supergiant stars: Video: courtesy of Institute of Physics http://www.iop.org/
2.3.8 Neutron stars: Video: courtesy of NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab
2.3.10 Black hole cannibal: Video: courtesy of NASA
Week 3
Images
Figure 1 © NASA/JPL-Caltech/ESA/Harvard-Smithsonian CfA
Figure 2 © NASA’s John F. Kennedy Space Center and the Space Telescope Science Institute
Figure 5 © NASA, ESA, G. Illingworth (University of California, Santa Cruz), R. Bouwens (University of California, Santa Cruz and Leiden University), and the HUDF09 Team
Figure 6 © Yosuke Tsuruta in Flickr https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
Figure 7 © NASA/Jason Ware
Figure 9 © Alex Cherney (www.terrastro.com)
Figure 10 © WallyPacholka / AstroPics.com
Figure 11 © MASIL Imaging Team
Figure 13 © E.Feigelson & K.Getman (PSU) et al., CXO, NASA
Figure 14 © NASA, JPL-Caltech, UCLA
Figure 15 © László Francsics
Figure 16 © Donald Judge, via Flickr (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
Figure 17 adapted from © NASA public domain in Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Earth#mediaviewer/File:Atmospheric_electromagnetic_opacity.svg)
Figure 18 © J.L. Dauvergne & G. Hüdepohl (atacamaphoto.com)/ESO
Figure 19 © NASA/Smithsonian Institution/Lockheed Corporation
Figure 20 © ESO/B. Tafreshi
Audio and video
3.2.3 Colliding and merging galaxies video: NASA; ESA; G. Besla, Columbia University; and R. van der Marel, STScI
3.2.1 Different types of galaxy: video © The Open University
3.2.4 Galaxies gone wild: video: © The Open University and its licensor – images by Hubble Telescope © NASA
3.3.4 Behind the scenes with Monica Grady video: © The Open University and its licensors.
Week 4
Images
Figure 1 © NASA
Figure 3 © NASA/LMSAL
Figure 4 © ESO/D. Minniti/VVV Team
Figure 5 © X-ray: NASA/CXC/SSC/J. Keohane et al.; Infrared: Caltech/SSC/J.Rho and T. Jarrett
Figure 6 © ESO/Digitized Sky Survey and Noel Carboni
Figure 7 © Casey Reed/NASA
Figure 8 © ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO). Visible light image: the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope
Figure 9 © NASA/JPL-Caltech/S. Willner (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics)
Figure 10 © NASA, ESA, Hubble Heritage Team (STScI / AURA) Acknowledgment: J. Blakeslee (Washington State University)
Figure 11 © NASA/Caltech
Figure 12 © Matt Hendrick in Flickr https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/
Figure 13 © NASA, ESA, M. Robberto (Space Telescope Science Institute/ESA), the Hubble Space Telescope Orion Treasury Project Team and L. Ricci (ESO)
Figure 14 © A.-M. Lagrange, D. Ehrenreich (LAOG), et al., ESO
Figure 16 © ESA/ATG medialab
Figure 17 © Dr. John Flannery in Flickr https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/
Figure 18 © National Science Foundation
Figure 19 © Halley Multicolor Camera Team, Giotto Project, ESA
Figure 20 © European Space Agency – ESA/Rosetta/NAVCAM https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/
Figure 21 © CNES / ill. D. Ducros
Figure 22 © NASA/JPL/Wally Pacholka
Figure 23 © ESA
Figure 24 © PHL @ UPR Arecibo (phl.upr.edu)
Figure 26 © NASA/Lynette Cook
Figure 27 © NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO
Figure 28 © ESO/A.-M. Lagrange (http://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1024c/)
Figure 29 © ESO/M. Kornmesser
Figure 30 © Rogelio Bernal Andreo
Audio and video
4.2.1 Protoplanetary disc formation: © ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser)
4.2.2 Collapse of a nebula: © Gemini Observatory/STScI
4.2.4 The Solar System: © ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen)
Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
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