References
Session 1
Bairner, A., Kelly, J. and Lee, J. (2016) ‘Editors’ introduction’ in A. Bairner, J. Kelly and J. Lee (eds) Routledge Handbook of Sport and Politics. New York, NY: Routledge, pp. xx–xxvii.
Beck, P. (2013) ‘“War Minus the Shooting”: George Orwell on International Sport and the Olympics’, Sport in History, 33(1), pp. 72–94.
Butterworth, M. (2016) ‘Sport and Politics In The United States’ in A. Bairner, J. Kelly and J. Lee (eds) Routledge Handbook of Sport and Politics. New York, NY: Routledge, pp. 150–61.
Carpenter, L. (2018) ‘Trump to players who kneel for anthem: “Maybe you shouldn’t be in the country”’, The Guardian, 24 May. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ sport/ 2018/ may/ 24/ donald-trump-lauds-nfl-anthem-policy (Accessed: 16 September 2022).
Grix, J. (2015) Sport Politics: An Introduction. London: Macmillan Publishers.
Kissoudi, P. (2008) ‘Sport, Politics and International Relations in the Twentieth Century’, International Journal of the History of Sport, 25(13), pp. 1689–1706.
Session 2
Darby, P. (2019) ‘Politics, resistance and patronage: the African boycott of the 1966 World Cup and its ramifications’, Soccer & Society, 20(7–8), pp. 936–47.
FIFA (2014) Sustainability Report 2014: FIFA World Cup Brazil. Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) and the 2014 FIFA World Cup Local Organising Committee: Zurich.
FIFA (2019) Sustainability Report 2018: FIFA World Cup Russia. Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) and the 2018 FIFA World Cup Local Organising Committee: Zurich.
Goldblatt, D. (2007) The Ball is Round: A Global History of Football. London: Penguin.
Goldblatt, D. (2014) ‘Another kind of history: globalization, global history and the World Cup’, in Rinke, S. and Schiller, K. (eds) The FIFA World Cup 1930–2010: Politics, Commerce, Spectacle and Identities. Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag.
Jiménez-Martínez, C. and Skey, M. (2018) How repressive states and governments use ‘sportswashing’ to remove stains on their reputation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/ how-repressive-states-and-governments-use-sportswashing-to-remove-stains-on-their-reputation-100395 (Accessed: 11 March 2022).
Krüger, A. (2015) ‘The role of sport in German international politics, 1918–1945’, in Arnaufd, P. and Roirdan, J. (eds) Sport and International Politics: Impact of Fascism and Communism on Sport. New York: Routledge.
Nalani Butler, B. and Aicher, T. (2014) ‘Demonstrations and displacement: social impact and the 2014 FIFA World Cup’, Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 7(3), pp. 299–313.
Nwaubani, A. (2020) Remembering Nigeria’s Biafra war that many prefer to forget. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/ news/ world-africa-51094093 (Accessed: 10 March 2022).
Power, M., Widdop, P., Parnell, C., Carr, J. and Millard, S. (2020) ‘Football and politics: the politics of football’. Managing Sport and Leisure, 25(1–2), pp. 1–6.
Rinke, S. and Schiller, K. (2014) ‘Introduction’, in Rinke, S. and Schiller, K. (eds) The FIFA World Cup 1930–2010: Politics, Commerce, Spectacle and Identities. Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag.
Ronay, B. (2022) ‘Uefa and Fifa are too late: Russia’s sportswashing has served its purpose’, The Guardian, 25 February. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2022/ feb/ 25/ uefa-and-fifa-are-too-late-russias-sportswashing-has-served-its-purpose (Accessed: 9 March 2022).
Sbetti, N. and Serapiglia, D. (2020) ‘Was football fascist? The 1934 World Cup in the postwar memory’, Soccer & Society, 21(8), pp. 889–903.
Szymanski, S. (2022) FIFA’s suspension of Russia is a rarity – but one that strips bare the idea that sport can be apolitical. Available at: https://theconversation.com/ fifas-suspension-of-russia-is-a-rarity-but-one-that-strips-bare-the-idea-that-sport-can-be-apolitical-178131 (Accessed: 9 March 2022).
Wilson, J. (2022) ‘Russia exploits football as soft-power tool but it also helped forge Ukraine’s identity’, The Guardian, 5 March. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ blog/ 2022/ mar/ 05/ russia-ukraine-soft-power-kyiv-conflict-1942 (Accessed: 10 March 2022).
Zidan, K. (2022) ‘Could 2022 be sportswashing’s biggest year?’ The Guardian, 5 January. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ sport/ 2022/ jan/ 05/ sportswashing-winter-olympics-world-cup (Accessed: 10 March 2022).
Session 3
Anderson, B. (1991) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. New York: Verso.
Brannagan, M. and Giulianotti, R. (2015) ‘Soft power and soft disempowerment: Qatar, global sport and football’s 2022 World Cup finals’, Leisure Studies, 34(6), pp. 703–19.
Elsborg, S. (2018) Sport as a driving factor in Qatar’s National Development Strategy 2018-2022. Available at: https://www.playthegame.org/ news/ sport-as-a-driving-factor-in-qatar-s-national-development-strategy-2018–2022/ (Accessed: 18 May 2022).
Hay, R. (2014) Diego Costa, Spain and problems of identity in world football. Available at: https://theconversation.com/ diego-costa-spain-and-problems-of-identity-in-world-football-27796 (Accessed: 22 March 2022).
Hussey, A. (2006) ‘Le temps modernes’, The Observer, 2 April. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ observer/ osm/ story/ 0,,1741569,00.html (Accessed: 28 April 2022).
Ingle, S. (2021) ‘Human rights groups warn of “serious issues” as Qatar World Cup worker jailed’, The Guardian, 15 December. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2021/ dec/ 15/ former-qatar-world-cup-worker-jail-term-angers-human-rights-groups-abdullah-ibhais (Accessed: 29 April 2022).
Jonze, T. (2018) ‘Austrian striker's mysterious death inspires show about football and fascism’, The Guardian, 11 May. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ stage/ 2018/ may/ 11/ austrian-striker-matthias-sindelar-inspires-show-about-football-and-fascism (Accessed: 28 April 2022).
Kuper, S. (2018) World Cup 2018: Morocco - a team of Europeans. Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/ec684d80-6399-11e8-90c2-9563a0613e56 (Accessed: 22 March 2022).
Nosal, P., Kossakowski, R. and Woźniak, W. (2021) ‘Guerrilla patriotism and mnemonic wars: cursed soldiers as role models for football fans in Poland’, Sport in Society, 24(11), pp. 2050–2065.
Oonk, G. (2020) ‘Who May Represent the Country? Football, Citizenship, Migration, and National Identity at the FIFA World Cup’, The International Journal of the History of Sport, 37(11), pp. 1046–1065.
Panja, T. (2018) ‘In Morocco, an Imported Team for the World Cup’, The New York Times, 5 June. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/ 2018/ 06/ 05/ sports/ world-cup-morocco.html (Accessed: 23 March 2022).
Sage, A. (2022) ‘Scandal stalks banlieue stars of Les Bleus’, The Times, 2 September. Available at: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/ article/ scandal-stalks-banlieue-stars-of-les-bleus-krs8l8d8p (Accessed: 6 September 2022).
Smith, C. (2018) ‘World Cup 2018: The Black and White and Brown Faces of Les Bleus’, The New Yorker, 22 June. Available at: https://www.newyorker.com/ sports/ replay/ world-cup-2018-the-black-and-white-and-brown-faces-of-les-bleus (Accessed: 22 March 2022).
van Campenhout, G., van Sterkenburg, J. and Oonk, G. (2018) ‘Who Counts as a Migrant Footballer? A Critical Reflection and Alternative Approach to Migrant Football Players on National Teams at the World Cup, 1930–2018’, The International Journal of the History of Sport, 35(11), pp. 1071–90.
van Campenhout, G. and van Houtum, H. (2021) ‘“I am German when we win, but I am an immigrant when we lose”. Theorising on the deservedness of migrants in international football, using the case of Mesut Özil’, Sport in Society, 24(11), pp. 1924–1940.
White, A. (2018) ‘Liberté, égalité, diversity: how France won the World Cup’, The Guardian, 17 June. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2018/ jul/ 17/ france-win-world-cup-didier-deschamps-diversity (Accessed: 23 March 2022).
Session 4
Anderson, B. (1991) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. New York: Verso.
Brannagan, M. and Giulianotti, R. (2015) ‘Soft power and soft disempowerment: Qatar, global sport and football’s 2022 World Cup finals’, Leisure Studies, 34(6), pp. 703–19.
Elsborg, S. (2018) Sport as a driving factor in Qatar’s National Development Strategy 2018-2022. Available at: https://www.playthegame.org/ news/ sport-as-a-driving-factor-in-qatar-s-national-development-strategy-2018–2022/ (Accessed: 18 May 2022).
Hay, R. (2014) Diego Costa, Spain and problems of identity in world football. Available at: https://theconversation.com/ diego-costa-spain-and-problems-of-identity-in-world-football-27796 (Accessed: 22 March 2022).
Hussey, A. (2006) ‘Le temps modernes’, The Observer, 2 April. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ observer/ osm/ story/ 0,,1741569,00.html (Accessed: 28 April 2022).
Ingle, S. (2021) ‘Human rights groups warn of “serious issues” as Qatar World Cup worker jailed’, The Guardian, 15 December. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2021/ dec/ 15/ former-qatar-world-cup-worker-jail-term-angers-human-rights-groups-abdullah-ibhais (Accessed: 29 April 2022).
Jonze, T. (2018) ‘Austrian striker's mysterious death inspires show about football and fascism’, The Guardian, 11 May. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ stage/ 2018/ may/ 11/ austrian-striker-matthias-sindelar-inspires-show-about-football-and-fascism (Accessed: 28 April 2022).
Kuper, S. (2018) World Cup 2018: Morocco - a team of Europeans. Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/ec684d80-6399-11e8-90c2-9563a0613e56 (Accessed: 22 March 2022).
Nosal, P., Kossakowski, R. and Woźniak, W. (2021) ‘Guerrilla patriotism and mnemonic wars: cursed soldiers as role models for football fans in Poland’, Sport in Society, 24(11), pp. 2050–2065.
Oonk, G. (2020) ‘Who May Represent the Country? Football, Citizenship, Migration, and National Identity at the FIFA World Cup’, The International Journal of the History of Sport, 37(11), pp. 1046–1065.
Panja, T. (2018) ‘In Morocco, an Imported Team for the World Cup’, The New York Times, 5 June. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/ 2018/ 06/ 05/ sports/ world-cup-morocco.html (Accessed: 23 March 2022).
Sage, A. (2022) ‘Scandal stalks banlieue stars of Les Bleus’, The Times, 2 September. Available at: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/ article/ scandal-stalks-banlieue-stars-of-les-bleus-krs8l8d8p (Accessed: 6 September 2022).
Smith, C. (2018) ‘World Cup 2018: The Black and White and Brown Faces of Les Bleus’, The New Yorker, 22 June. Available at: https://www.newyorker.com/ sports/ replay/ world-cup-2018-the-black-and-white-and-brown-faces-of-les-bleus (Accessed: 22 March 2022).
van Campenhout, G., van Sterkenburg, J. and Oonk, G. (2018) ‘Who Counts as a Migrant Footballer? A Critical Reflection and Alternative Approach to Migrant Football Players on National Teams at the World Cup, 1930–2018’, The International Journal of the History of Sport, 35(11), pp. 1071–90.
van Campenhout, G. and van Houtum, H. (2021) ‘“I am German when we win, but I am an immigrant when we lose”. Theorising on the deservedness of migrants in international football, using the case of Mesut Özil’, Sport in Society, 24(11), pp. 1924–1940.
White, A. (2018) ‘Liberté, égalité, diversity: how France won the World Cup’, The Guardian, 17 June. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2018/ jul/ 17/ france-win-world-cup-didier-deschamps-diversity (Accessed: 23 March 2022).
Session 5
Alvarez, A. (2019) ‘I thought the main issue in women’s sports was equal pay. I was wrong’, The Guardian, 9 May. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ sport/ 2019/ may/ 09/ i-thought-the-main-issue-in-womens-sports-was-equal-pay-i-was-wrong (Accessed: 4 April 2022).
Banymadhub, Y. (2015) ‘Women’s World Cup 2015: Gender pay gap exposed as US men’s team earn four times the amount despite not even reaching quarter-final’, The Independent, 13 July. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/ sport/ football/ international/ women-s-world-cup-2015-gender-pay-gap-exposed-as-us-team-earn-a-quarter-of-what-men-earn-despite-not-even-getting-to-quarterfinal-10372538.html (Accessed: 3 April 2022).
Black, J. and Fielding-Lloyd, B. (2019) ‘Re-establishing the “outsiders”: English press coverage of the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup’, International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 54(3), pp. 282–301.
Christenson, M. and Kelso, P. (2004) ‘Soccer chief’s plan to boost women’s game? Hotpants’, The Guardian, 16 January. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ uk/ 2004/ jan/ 16/ football.gender (Accessed: 5 April 2022).
Dollimore, L. and Bezants, J. (2022) ‘Iranian women and girls hoping to watch World Cup qualifier are pepper sprayed outside stadium - despite Tehran vowing to let females watch live sport’, The Daily Mail, 30 March. Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ news/ article-10667571/ Iranian-women-girls-hoping-watch-World-Cup-qualifier-pepper-sprayed-outside-stadium.html (Accessed: 1 April 2022).
Dunn, C. (2016) Football and the Women’s World Cup: Organisation, Media and Fandom. Palgrave MacMillan: Basingstoke.
FIFA (2019) Women’s Football Strategy. Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA): Zurich.
Hyde, M. (2019) ‘Women’s World Cup captured public’s imagination despite Fifa’s worst efforts’, The Guardian, 10 July. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/jul/10/womens-world-cup-captured-imagination-despite-fifa (Accessed 2: April 2022).
Jenkel, L. (2020) ‘The F.A.’s ban of women’s football 1921 in the contemporary press – a historical discourse analysis’, Sport in History, 41(2), pp. 239–59.
Kryger, K., Wang, A., Mehta, R., Impellizzeri, F., Massey, A. and McCall, A. (2021) ‘Research on women’s football: a scoping review’, Science and Medicine in Football.
Lutz, T. (2022) ‘US women’s and men’s teams agree historic deal to share World Cup prize money’, The Guardian, 18 May. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2022/ may/ 18/ us-womens-and-mens-teams-agree-equal-share-of-world-cup-prize-money (Accessed: 25 May 2022).
Macur, J. (2015) ‘A Little Praise for Sepp Blatter. Very Little’, The New York Times, 30 May. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/ 2015/ 05/ 31/ sports/ soccer/ womens-soccer-is-one-bright-spot-on-sepp-blatters-record.html (Accessed: 5 April 2022).
Motamedi, M. (2022) ‘Some women allowed into stadium as Iran secures World Cup spot’, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/ news/ 2022/ 1/ 27/ iran-allows-few-women-spectators-in-controversial-football-match#:~:text=Tehran%2C%20Iran%20%E2%80%93%20Iran%20has%20allowed,the%202022%20Qatar%20World%20Cup (Accessed: 1 April 2022).
Planas, A. (2021) ‘Female athletes grab spotlight at Olympics with political and social demonstrations’, NBC News, 28 July. Available at: https://www.nbcnews.com/ news/ olympics/ female-athletes-grabbing-spotlight-olympics-political-social-demonstrations-n1275222 (Accessed: 19 May 2022).
Venetis, P. (2015) ‘Sepp Blatter is leaving. Fifa’s sexist policies should go with him’, The Guardian, 3 June. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ commentisfree/ 2015/ jun/ 03/ sepp-blatter-leaving-fifa-sexist-policies (Accessed: 1 April 2022).
Weisholtz, D. (2019) ‘Megan Rapinoe explains why she’s not participating in national anthem’, Today. Available at: https://www.today.com/ news/ megan-rapinoe-won-t-participate-national-anthem-during-world-cup-t156389 (Accessed: 3 April 2022).
Williams, J. (2006) ‘The fastest growing sport? women’s football in England’, Soccer and Society, 4(2-3), pp. 112–27.
Williams, J. (2007) A Beautiful Game: International Perspectives On Women’s Football. Oxford: Berg Publishers.
Williams, J. (2013) Globalising Women’s Football: Europe, Migration and Professionalization. Oxford: Peter Lang.
Wire, S. (2015) ‘Sepp Blatter considers himself a ‘godfather’ of women’s soccer’, SI. Available at: https://www.si.com/ soccer/ 2015/ 05/ 07/ sepp-blatter-womens-soccer-godfather (Accessed: 1 April 2022).
Session 6
Bandyopadhyay, K. (2018) ‘Introduction: rivalries in world soccer’, Soccer & Society, 19(5–6), pp. 639–44.
Billingham, N. (2022) ‘USA vs Iran at France 98: the most politically charged game in World Cup history’, FourFourTwo, 1 April. Available at: https://www.fourfourtwo.com/ features/ usa-vs-iran-france-98-most-politically-charged-game-world-cup-history (Accessed: 13 April 2022).
Brownell, S. (2015) More than Sport: China vs. the U.S. in World Cup Soccer, 1999 and 2015. Available at: https://www.chinausfocus.com/ society-culture/ more-than-sport-china-vs-the-u-s-in-world-cup-soccer-1999-and-2015 (Accessed: 14 April 2022).
FIFA (2018) ‘Video Vault: Goal of the Century’. Available at: https://www.fifa.com/ tournaments/ mens/ worldcup/ 2018russia/ news/ video-vault-goal-of-the-century (Accessed: 20 May 2022).
FIFA (2019) ‘The 1999 gamble that paid off’. Available at: https://www.fifa.com/ tournaments/ womens/ womensworldcup/ france2019/ news/ the-1999-gamble-that-paid-off (Accessed: 20 May 2022).
FIFA (2020) ‘#WorldCupAtHome: Pure drama as USA clinch World Cup title on home soil’. Available at: https://www.fifa.com/ tournaments/ womens/ womensworldcup/ usa1999/ news/ mo-3003-usa-v-chn-1999-wwc-3069388 (Accessed: 14 April 2022).
Galarcep, I. (2018) ‘How the World Cup brought enemies Iran and USA together 20 years ago’. Available at: https://www.goal.com/ en-au/ news/ how-the-world-cup-brought-enemies-iran-and-usa-together-20-years-/ m4n616ci0xud16uu713db8906 (Accessed: 13 April 2022).
Grice, N. and Brown, T. (2022) ‘Falklands War: Five stories from Wales 40 years on’, BBC. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/ news/ uk-wales-60916652 (Accessed: 20 May 2022).
Glendenning, B. (2019a) ‘Women’s World Cup game-changing moments No 3: China in 1991’, The Guardian, 18 June. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2019/ jun/ 18/ womens-world-cup-game-changing-moments-no-3-china-in-1991 (Accessed: 14 April 2022).
Glendenning, B. (2019b) ‘Women’s World Cup game-changing moments No 4: Brandi Chastain in 1999’, The Guardian, 20 June. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2019/ jun/ 20/ womens-world-cup-game-changing-moments-no4-brandi-chastain-1999 (Accessed: 14 April 2022).
Harris, R. (2022) ‘Politically Charged US-Iran in First Middle East World Cup, US News. Available at: https://www.usnews.com/ news/ sports/ articles/ 2022-04-01/ politically-charged-us-iran-in-first-middle-east-world-cup (Accessed: 13 April 2022)
Hyde, M. (2019) ‘Women’s World Cup captured public’s imagination despite Fifa’s worst efforts’, The Guardian, 10 July. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2019/ jul/ 10/ womens-world-cup-captured-imagination-despite-fifa (Accessed: 12 April 2022).
Longman, J. (1999) ‘WOMEN’S WORLD CUP; All Is Ready, and the Stands Are Full’, The New York Times, 19 June. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/ 1999/ 06/ 19/ sports/ women-s-world-cup-all-is-ready-and-the-stands-are-full.html (Accessed: 20 May 2022).
Longman, J. (2019). ‘The Sports Bra Seen Round the World Has New Meaning 20 Years Later’, The New York Times, 5 July. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/ 2019/ 07/ 05/ sports/ soccer/ brandi-chastain-womens-world-cup-image.html (Accessed: 20 May 2022).
Maradona, D. (2004) El Diego. London: Yellow Jersey Press.
O’Callaghan, E. (2018) ‘Great Satan 1-2 Iran: the most politically charged match in World Cup history’, The Guardian, 20 June. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/ football/ 2018/ jun/ 20/ great-satan-1-2-iran-the-most-politically-charged-match-in-world-cup-history (Accessed: 14 April 2022).
Rock, D. (2008) ‘The British in Argentina: From Informal Empire to Post-colonialism’, Bulletin of Latin American Research, 27(1), pp. 49–77.
Sibaja, R. and Parrish, C. (2014) ‘Pibes, Cracks and Caudillos: Argentina, the World Cup and identity politics’, Soccer & Society, 15(5), pp. 655–70.