4.1 Why it’s important to talk about race early

Talking about race early is crucial because children begin to notice and make sense of racial differences from a very young age, often as early as six months old (Kelly et al., 2005). As noted in Section 1, by the preschool years, children start to form ideas about race and may even develop biases based on the messages they receive from their environment, including their family, media and peers. If these topics are not addressed early, children may internalise stereotypes and misconceptions that can shape their attitudes and behaviours as they grow.

Starting conversations about race early allows children to explore these concepts in a safe and supportive environment. It helps them develop a positive racial identity, builds respect for diversity, and equips them with the tools to challenge biases they may encounter. Being exposed to open conversations with adults about race and culture as a young child encourages critical thinking and empathy which, in turn, lays the foundation for more inclusive attitudes.

It is best to meet children where they are so these conversations don’t need to be formal or complex. They might include simple observations like noticing different skin colours in a picture book and saying ‘Look, this family has darker skin than ours, and this family has lighter skin. Families look different and that’s wonderful’. Or responding to a child’s question about physical differences with honest, age-appropriate answers rather than avoiding the topic. It could involve choosing books and toys that represent diverse backgrounds or explaining cultural celebrations and traditions from different communities.

In a world where racial issues are more and more present, talking about race early helps to provide context for children and young people and help them to learn to value and respect differences from the start.