6.3 Finding the mean from a set of data
To find the mean of a simple set of data, all you need to do is find the total, or sum, of all the items together and then divide this total by how many items of data there are.
| Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday | Sunday |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 56 kg | 60 kg | 58 kg | 62 kg | 65 kg | 49 kg | 58 kg |
Look again at the weight, in kg, of apples that one worker collected each day on an apple farm (shown above). If you want to calculate the mean average weight of apples collected, you first find the sum or total of the weight of apples collected in the week:
- 56 + 60 + 58 + 62 + 65 + 49 + 58 = 408 kg
Next, divide this total but the number of data items, in this case, 7:
- 408 ÷ 7 = 58.3 kg (rounded to one d.p.)
It is important to note that the mean may well be a decimal number even if the numbers you added together were whole numbers.
Another important thing to note here is that the two sums (the addition and then the division) are done as two separate sums. If you were to write:
- 56 + 60 + 58 + 62 + 65 + 49 + 58 ÷ 7
this would be incorrect (remember BIDMAS from Session 1?). Unless you are going to use brackets to show which sum needs to be done first (56 + 60 + 58 + 62 + 65 + 49 + 58) ÷ 7, it is accurate to write two separate calculations.
Have a go at calculating the mean for yourself by completing the activity below.
Activity 10: Finding the mean
- The table below shows the sale price of ten, 2 bedroom semi-detached houses in a town in Liverpool.
| House 1 | House 2 | House 3 | House 4 | House 5 | House 6 | House 7 | House 8 | House 9 | House 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| £70,000 | £65,950 | £66,500 | £71,200 | £68,000 | £62,995 | £70,500 | £68,750 | £59,950 | 67,900 |
- What is the mean house price in this area?
- The table below shows the units of gas used by a household for the first 6 months of a year.
| January | February | March | April | May | June |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1650 | 1875 | 1548 | 1206 | 654 | 234 |
- Calculate the mean amount of gas units used per month.
Answer
- First find the total of the house prices:
- £ 70,000 + £ 65,950 + £ 66,500 + £ 71,200 + £ 68,000 + £ 62,995 + £ 70,500 + £ 68,750 + £ 59,950 + £ 67,900 = £ 671,745
Now divide this total by the number of houses (10):
- £671,745 ÷ 10 = £67,174.50
- Find the total number of units used:
- 1650 + 1875 + 1548 + 1206 + 654 + 234 = 7167 units
Now divide this total by the number of months (6):
- 7167 ÷ 6 = 1194.5 units
This method of finding the mean is fine if you have a relatively small set of data. What about if the set of data you have is much larger? If this was the case, the data would probably not be presented as a list of numbers, it’s much more likely to be presented in a frequency table.
In the next part of this section, you will learn how find the mean when data is presented in this way.