Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the SPHEIR programme for funding this work as part of the Transformation by Innovation in Distance Education (TIDE) project’s Master Training Programme.

This course’s development would not have been possible without the support and input of TIDE partner organisations in the UK and Myanmar. Many thanks to everyone involved at all stages of the process, in particular colleagues at Irrawaddy Policy Exchange (IPE), The Open University (OU) and The University of Manchester.

The course review team comprised of Yin Tun (Manchester), Iryna Kuchma (EIFL), Tim Seal (OU), Jon Gregson (OU/Development Dreamers), Beck Pitt (OU) and IPE colleagues. Special thanks to Iryna who provided extensive feedback and input on the course drafts, particularly Unit 6. The course’s redevelopment was led by Beck Pitt.

Sincere thanks to everyone involved in the course’s production, development and translation, including Teresa Hackett (EIFL) and Rouse Myanmar for the development of materials for Unit One, Bryan Mathers (Visual Thinkery) for working with us to develop course illustrations and Jennryn Wetzler (Creative Commons) for all her advice and support during the course’s development.

We are extremely grateful to our TIDE Myanmar colleagues for all their feedback and support throughout. Extra special thanks to those Myanmar colleagues who generously gave their time to discuss their preferences and experiences with copyright and open licensing, ideas for the course’s development and feedback. A smaller discussion group also provided critical feedback and input to shape the course illustrations. A special thank you also to everyone who participated in the Master Training Programme facilitated version of this course that ran until February 2021.

Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources:

Banner image

Banner image (CC cartoon): ‘CC course overview [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] ’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

Welcome

Introduction (CC cartoon): ‘CC course overview’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

Copyright Information (CC BY): Creative Commons.

Unit 1

Introduction (CC cartoon): ‘Can I use this?’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

1.1 Copyright basics (owls): Marc Veraart, ‘Myanmar – Bagan’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ marcveraart/ 2774392210/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-ND 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-nd/ 2.0/.

1.2 EIFL-IP in Myanmar, February 2015 by EIFL is licensed CC BY 2.0

1.3 Global aspects of copyright (globe): Steve Cadman, ‘Globe’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ stevecadman/ 134974908/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 2.0/.

Introduction to the global copyright system (blue map): Conscious, ‘The signatories of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, as of 2012’, https://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Berne_Convention.png. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en.

Introduction to the global copyright system (yellow map): Balfour Smith, https://commons.wikimedia.org/ w/ index.php?curid=17789335. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 3.0/.

1.4 Exceptions and limitations to copyright (typewriter ‘copyright’): Dennis Skley, ‘Copyright’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ dskley/ 15741575661/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-ND 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-nd/ 2.0/.

Unit 2

Introduction (CC cartoon): ‘Built on copyright’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

2.1 The public domain (moon): ‘Melies color Voyage dans la lune’ by Georges Méliès, public domain image.

How does something enter the public domain? (public domain): Creative Commons.

2.2 The story of Creative Commons (CC stickers): Kristina Alexanderson, ‘Creative Commons – CC stickers’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ kalexanderson/ 7176605114/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

The story of Creative Commons (Larry Lessig): Image of Larry Lessig by Robert Scoble, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ scobleizer/ 2236177028/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

2.3 Creative Commons today (CC ship on map): opensource.com ‘Creative Commons a vessel ideas’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ opensourceway/ 8249753855/. Image credits: perpetualplum. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike Licence, http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 2.0/.

Unit 3

Introduction (CC cartoon): ‘Which licence?’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

3.1 Licence design and terminology (open sign): Bill Smith, ‘Open’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ byzantiumbooks/ 39112716534/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

Licence structure (layers of a licence): Nathan Yergler and Alex Roberts, Creative Commons (2011) ‘Three layers of license’, https://creativecommons.org/ about/ downloads. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 3.0/.

Licence structure (screenshot): Screenshot of CC BY 4.0 International Human-Readable License by Creative Commons, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

Licence structure (code): Example of ‘machine readable’ code from Creative Commons Licence Chooser, https://creativecommons.org/ choose/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

CC licence basics (Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike, NoDerivatives, CC0, Public Domain): Creative Commons.

3.2 Licence scope (CC music): Horia Varlan via opensource.com, ‘Creative Commons music’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ opensourceway/ 8249753733/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 2.0/.

3.3 Mobile on the circular train, Yangon, Myanmar II by Beck Pitt is licensed CC BY 2.0

Introducing the six licence types (CC BY, CC BY-SA, CC BY-NC, CC BY-NC-SA, CC BY-ND, CC BY-NC-ND): Creative Commons.

Distinguishing the licences (Non-Commercial, NoDerivatives, ShareAlike, Public Domain): Creative Commons.

3.4 Licence enforceability (reading): Magdalena Roeseler, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ magdalenaroeseler/ 27505837505/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 2.0/.

Unit 4

Introduction (CC cartoon): ‘Which licence?’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

4.1 Open educational resources (space): Created by Libby Levi for opensource.com, ‘Open educational resources: the education ecosystem comes to life’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ opensourceway/ 4371000818. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 2.0/.

Open educational resources (OER) (CC licence scale): Paul Stacey and Hal Plotkin (2014) ‘Finding and using open educational resources (OER): implementing the Creative Commons CC BY licence (slide 4)’, https://www.slideshare.net/ Paul_Stacey/ implementing-cc-washington. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

4.2 Why use OER?: UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization).

4.3 Finding and evaluating OER (checklist): Image released under a CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication by its author Oliver Tacke, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ otacke/ 12221292503/.

Where to look for OER (CC search screenshot): Creative Commons, https://search.creativecommons.org/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

4.4 Attributing OER (communicating open sign): Centrum Cyfrowe, ‘Open Education Policy Forum 2018’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ centrumcyfrowe/ 44786971084/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

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UNESCO definition of OER: UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization).

Unit 5

Introduction (doors): ‘Opens beautiful doors’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

5.1 Choosing and applying a CC licence (CC BY): Creative Commons.

Which Creative Commons licence should I use? (CC flowchart): Adapted from ‘Which Creative Commons licence is right for me?’, http://creativecommons.org.au/ content/ licensing-flowchart.pdf. Published by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation in partnership with Creative Commons Australia. This fact sheet is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence, http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.5/ au.

How do I apply a CC licence to my work? (CC BY): Creative Commons.

How do I apply a CC licence to my work? (screenshot): Screenshot of license chooser, Creative Commons, https://creativecommons.org/ choose/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

Marking your own work (cakes): Timothy Vollmer, ‘Creative Commons 10th birthday celebration San Francisco’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ sixteenmilesofstring/ 8256206923/ in/ set-72157632200936657. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

Marking your own work (cakes – black and white): adapted from Timothy Vollmer, ‘Creative Commons 10th birthday celebration San Francisco’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ sixteenmilesofstring/ 8256206923/ in/ set-72157632200936657. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

Marking your own work (cakes – saturated): adapted from Timothy Vollmer, ‘Creative Commons 10th birthday celebration San Francisco’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ sixteenmilesofstring/ 8256206923/ in/ set-72157632200936657. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

5.2 Things to consider after CC licensing (CC cartoon): ‘Reciprocity’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

5.3 Adapting and remixing CC-licensed works (chillies): City Foodsters, ‘Combination of chilies’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ cityfoodsters/ 16344463891v. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

Adaptation or remix? (fruit): ‘CC smoothie’ by Nate Angell, http://xolotl.org/ open-licensing-over-tv-dinners-and-smoothies/. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/. Derivative of ‘Strawberry smoothie on glass jar’ by Element5 (https://www.pexels.com/ photo/ strawberry-smoothie-on-glass-jar-775032/) in the public domain, and various Creative Commons licence buttons by Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/ about/ downloads).

Adaptation or remix? (remix chart): reformatted from Creative Commons, ‘Creative Commons licensed material remixing chart’, https://creativecommons.org/ faq/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

How should I attribute adapted works? (remix chart): reformatted from Creative Commons, ‘Creative Commons licensed material remixing chart’, https://creativecommons.org/ faq/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

Collections (CC Thali): ‘CC Thali’ by Beck Pitt, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ 40959105@N00/ 50012060563/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/. It is a derivative of ‘Thali’ by SteveR (https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ git/ 3936914188/) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/ and various Creative Commons licence icons by Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/ about/ downloads)

Referencing (OER screenshot): Peer 2 Peer University (P2PU), ‘Open Research 2014’, https://courses.p2pu.org/ en/ courses/ 2377/ content/ 4798/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/.

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Creative Commons adaptations quote: Creative Commons, ‘What is Creative Commons and what do you do’, https://creativecommons.org/ faq/ #what-is-creative-commons-and-what-do-you-do. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

Unit 6

Introduction (CC cartoon): ‘CC BY’ produced by Bryan Mathers of Visual Thinkery for TIDE project, part of the UK-Aid-funded SPHEIR programme (spheir.org.uk). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

6.1 Open access to scholarship (CC open access): ‘Open access at CC’ designed by Amy Collier, copyright owned by Creative Commons, https://certificates.creativecommons.org/ cccertedu/ chapter/ 6-1-open-access-to-scholarship/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

6.2 Opening up your institution (umbrella): Beck Pitt, ‘Pathein University, Ayeyarwady, Myanmar’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ 40959105@N00/ 43992127795/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

6.3 What next? (bus): Piktour UK, ‘Good morning Yangon in HDR...’, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ nevillewootton/ 33611818762/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.0/.

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What is open access? (‘open access’ definition): ‘Definition of open access’ (2002) The Budapest Open Access Initiative, https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/ boai15-1. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 3.0/.

6.1 Open access to Scholarship (SPARC publishing critique): ‘Open access’, SPARC, https://sparcopen.org/ open-access/. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders. If any have been inadvertently overlooked the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.