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Introduction to adolescent mental health
Introduction to adolescent mental health

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Acknowledgements

This free course was written by Victoria Cooper, Sharon Mallon and Anthea Wilson and was published December 2021. We would also to thank Jennifer Colloby, Steven Harrison and Karen Horsley for their key contributions and critical reading of this course. We would like to thank the parents, young people and professionals who shared their experiences with us.Their willingness to share sensitive and highly personal accounts of having or supporting those with mental health challenges adds greatly to this course and we will hope will benefit all those who find themselves in similar situation.

Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] ), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence.

The material acknowledged below (and within the course) is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course:

Course badge: ©The Open University

Course image: ©The Open University

Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.

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Week 1

Figures

Figure 1: AJ PHOTO/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Figure 3: adapted from Copyright © 2018 Health and Social Care Information Centre. Open government Licence http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ doc/ open-government-licence/ version/ 3/

Figure 4: Copyright © 2018 Health and Social Care Information Centre https://files.digital.nhs.uk/ A0/ 273EE3/ MHCYP%202017%20Trends%20Characteristics.pdf http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ doc/ open-government-licence/ version/ 3/

Figure 5: By woocat/Shutterstock.com

Figure 6: Top: Left: Zayn Malik: Jared Milgrim/Alamy Images; middle Jesy Nelson: Featureflash Photo Agency/shutterstock.com; right Billie Eilish DFree/Shutterstock.com; Bottom: Left: Marcus Rashford: Vlad1988/Shutterstock.com; middle: Emma Raducanu: Roger Parker/Alamy Stock Photo; right: Zoe Sugg: Anton_Ivanov/Shutterstock.com.

Figure 7: (a) Prakruthi Prasad https://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:John-B-Watson.jpg; (b) Mary Evans Picture Library/SIGMUND FREUD COPYRIGHTS

Figure 8: Will & Deni McIntyre/Photo Researchers/Universal Images Group

Figure 9: Paula Bronstein/Getty Images News/Getty Images/Universal Images Group

Audio/Video

Video 2: In our own words: courtesy: Courtesy: Mind https://www.mind.org.uk/ https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=_y97VF5UJcc

Video 3: clip of Stormzy talking about depression on C4: Getty Images

Week 2

Figures

Figure 1: GoodStudio/Shutterstock.com

Figure 2: Frederick Gutekunst (1831–1917) Blue pencil.svg wikidata:Q1452890 https://commons.wikimedia.org/ w/ index.php?curid=1292633

Figure 4: from: Abreu, A. P. and Kaiser, U. B.(2016) ‘Pubertal development and regulation’, The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, vol 4, no. 3, pp. 254-264.)

Figure 6: Kevin the Teenager (from BBC comedy) Tiger Aspect Production/ ©BBC

Figure 7: adapted ©Viktoria Kabanova|Alamy Images

Figure 8: Purestock/Alamy Stock Photo

Figure 9: adapted from Gardner, M. and Steinberg, L. (2005) ‘Peer influence on risk taking, risk preference, and risky decision making in adolescence and adulthood: an experimental study’, Developmental Psychology, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 625–35.

Figure 10: ©John Birdsall/Alamy Stock Photo

Figure 11: ANDY HARMER/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal Images Group

Figure 13: ©Centre for Mental Health https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/ mental-health-among-children-and-young-people

Audio/Video

Video 1: Reflecting on Adolescence: Martha and Josie: © The Open University

Video 5: Gerine Lodder | TEDxGroningen TEDx Talks https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-nc-nd/ 4.0/

Video: Activity 8 created by The Open University using Elucidate software under licence

Week 3

Figures

Figure 1: CRISTINA PEDRAZZINI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal Images Group

Figure 2: ©Centre for Mental Health 2017 https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/ mental-health-among-children-and-young-people

Figure 3: LOUISE WILLIAMS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal Images Group

Figure 4: PAUL BROWN/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal Images Group

Figure 5: PAUL BROWN/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal Images Group

Figure 6: courtesy: beateatingdisorders.org.uk https://www.beateatingdisorders.org.uk/ uploads/ documents/ 2017/ 11/ delaying-for-years-denied-for-months.pdf)

Figure 7: arka38/Shutterstock.com

Figure 8: Courtesy: Mental Health Foundation https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/ publications/ suicide-prevention-wait

Audio/Video

Video 1: In our own words: Courtesy Mind Home | Mind, the mental health charity - help for mental health problems

Video 2: Dealing with an eating disorder: courtesy: NorthWest Boroughs Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust

Video 3: Understanding and breaking the self-harm cycle courtesy: Dr Pooky Knightsmith www.pookyknightsmith.com

Week 4

Figures

Figure 1: Maria Iglovikova/Shutterstock.com

Figure 2: Olivier Le Moal/Shutterstock.com

Figure 3: adapted from the determinants of health (Dahlgren and Whitehead, 1993; in Dahlgren and Whitehead, 2007)

Figure 4: wutzkohphoto/Shutterstock.com

Figure 5: ©The Open University – for full list only

Figure 6: De Agostini Picture Library\Universal Images Group

Figure 7: courtesy: artwork by ©Wilhelmina Peragine

Figure 8 and Figure 9 (interactive) ©The Open University

Audio/Video

Video 1: Mental health in children and young people, Dr Su Sukumaran courtesy The London Psychiatry Centre http://www.psychiatrycentre.co.uk/

Video 4: courtesy: 'The Cybersmile Foundation' https://www.cybersmile.orghttps://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Csxszvx3oX8

Week 5

Figures

Figure 1: serato/Shutterstock.com

Figure 2: artwork: Courtesy ©WILHELMINA PERAGINE

Figure 3: Monstera/Pexels

Figure 4: OrnaW / 682 images/https://pixabay.com/ photos/ corona-coronavirus-mask-protection-4970836/

Figure 5: John Birdsall https://www.johnbirdsall.co.uk/

Figure 6: adapted by The Open University https://www.parentingforbrain.com/ resilience/

Figure 7: from:Local action on health inequalities: Building children and young people’s resilience in schools PHE publications gateway number: 2014334September 2014© Crown copyright 2014. Open Government Licence (nationalarchives.gov.uk)

Audio/Video

Video 1: What Does Resilience Mean To Young People? courtesy: YoungMinds https://www.youngminds.org.uk/

Video 2: Reflections: ©The Open University

Video 4: The Seven Cs of Resilience: Dr. Ken Ginsburg

Content provided courtesy of the Center for Parent and Teen Communication, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. © 2018 The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. All rights reserved.

Video 5: Courtesy: Young Minds https://www.youngminds.org.uk/ from https://www.youtube.com/ watch?app=desktop&v=Dfl9uX6MCzY&feature=youtu.be

Week 6

Figures

Figure 1: Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock.com

Figure 2: Centre for Mental Health 2017 https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/ https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/ mental-health-among-children-and-young-people

Figure 3: IAN HOOTON/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Figure 4: interactive (text adapted from): CAMH service tiers (icptoolkit.org)

Figure 5: John Birdsall John Birdsall (john-birdsall.com)

Figure 6: from: Figure 1: Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among school-going adolescents aged 11–17 years, globally and by World Bank income group, 2001 and 2016 The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Figure 7: KindPNG https://www.kindpng.com/

Audio/Video

Video 1: Another Way: Young people talk mental health: Courtesy Youth Access and Eye Opening Films (Producer)

Video 3: 4 ideas for supporting a child with anxiety. Courtesy Pooky Knightsmith Mental Health https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbMUMFxjv40 https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/

Video 4:  Difficult Conversations - Roundup | YoungMinds Parents Lounge Courtesy: Young Minds https://www.youngminds.org.uk/ https://youtu.be/ nrXBaSOd6F8

Video 5: How to manage your mood with food | 8 tips: Courtesy: Mind - the mental health charity https://www.mind.org.uk/

Video 6: How 10 Minutes Of Exercise A Day Can Change Your Brain: Dr Brendon Stubbs | Bitesize This excerpt is taken from Episode 97 of the Feel Better Live More podcast hosted by Dr Rangan Chatterjee. https://drchatterjee.com/ how-exercise-changes-your-brain-and-reduces-your-risk-of-depression/ https://drchatterjee.com/ blog/ category/ podcast/

Week 7

Figures

Figure 2: Lisa/ https://www.pexels.com/ photo/ person-holding-note-with-be-kind-text-3972931/

Figure 3: Rawpixel/Getty Images

Figure 5: (c) Kay Morley https://www.evidentlycochrane.net/picturing-mental-health/visuals-blog-sea-of-google-illustration-by-karen-morley/ https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-nd/ 4.0/

Figure 6: Different types of mental health apps with Logos: Google Play and Apple App Store

Audio/Video

Video 2: The Seven Cs of Resilience: Dr. Ken Ginsburg introduces his Seven Cs of Resilience: Confidence, Competence, Connection, Character, Contribution, Coping, and Control. Content provided courtesy of the Center for Parent and Teen Communication, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. © 2018 The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

Video 3: Barriers to support © The Open University

Video 4: Trends in how social media impacts mental health © The Open University

Video 5: Helpful ways of limiting the negative impact of social media © The Open University

Video 6: #OwnYourFeed for a more positive time online courtesy: Young Minds www.youngminds.org.uk

Week 8

Figures

Figure 1: adapted from: https://mindedforfamilies.org.uk/ Content/ who_can_help_us/ #/ id/ 5e30a7a17c501d4bd0554a83 MindEd For Families

Figure 2: from: Young people who self-harm A Guide for School Staff (p15) b5791d_b3807e6a2cd643ed8b29456602afcc01.pdf (wixstatic.com) Developed by Researchers from The University of Oxford © University of Oxford

Figure 3: adapted from SilverCloud & Blended Online CBT SilverCloud & Blended Online CBT – Mid & North Powys Mind (mnpmind.org.uk)

Figure 4: adapted from The CAMHS four tier structure adapted from https://www.icptoolkit.org/child_and_adolescent_pathways/about_icps/camh_service_tiers.aspx © Healthcare Improvement Scotland 2012.

Figure 5: Centre for Mental Health 2017 https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/

Figure 6: Centre for Mental Health 2017 https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/

Audio/Video

Video 2: Video 2: What is CBT? | Making Sense of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Courtesy: © Mind Home | Mind, the mental health charity - help for mental health problems

Video 4: Hannah’s Mental Health Story Courtesy: ©Mind https://www.mind.org.uk/ https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=gn0F36WvLA8

Video 6: What kind of mental health support do young people want? Healthwatch. https://www.healthwatch.co.uk/ Open Government Licence (nationalarchives.gov.uk) https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=SOxKM1yimpo

Video 7: Gets very real very quickly © The Open University