2 In the case

Forensic science evidence could be crucial in the investigation of this crime, providing objective, scientific analysis of traces associated with the alleged activity and supporting justice outcomes that can be trusted for Dave and the accused, and ultimately for everyone. In this crime, DNA and fingermark traces recovered from the weapon, if found, might potentially identify Dave’s attacker or data associated with the use of Dave’s phone, laptop and tablet might potentially locate the person who has those items. However, these traces may also wrongly suggest individuals not associated with the attack if those individual’s DNA or fingermarks are on the weapon or if the cell tower data isn’t precise enough.

The simple presence of traces may identify an individual or an object but will not necessarily determine how those traces got to the place from where they were recovered. Similarly, the absence of traces such as fingermarks or DNA do not necessarily rule out the involvement of an individual (as they could have been wearing gloves, for example).

In the UK there are three separate criminal justice system (CJS). There is one in Northern Ireland and one in Scotland and they are devolved responsibilities of the respective governments. The third system is for England and Wales, and Dave’s attack occurred in England. If forensic scientific evidence is involved in a crime reported in England or Wales, the process can be powerful in building a case. Here’s how it typically unfolds.