1.1 Passwords

We use passwords for everything – email, banking, shopping, social media – the list is endless. When you are asked to create a password, you are advised to use a mixture of numbers, characters and letters, making up a combination that would be hard to guess.

Think about how you go about creating a password. Do you have a strategy? Do you use different passwords for different things? If so, do you have a strategy for remembering which password you’ve used? Thinking up a strong password can be difficult, especially if you are trying to create something unique. It’s a good idea to assess the strategies you use to do this.

Activity 2 Creating a ‘strong’ password

Timing: 10 minutes

Think of a few passwords and spend five minutes testing them out on the password checker below. Doing this will help you to understand what makes a strong password.

Password checker [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)]

For security reasons, do not use your current passwords.

In the box below, note down how successful you were.

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Discussion

The password checker will indicate the strength of your password, when you first try it. The exercise might have highlighted that you need to strengthen your password. Even if you found that your passwords are strong, a few additional tips could help you to improve them further.

Now watch the video below, which provides some tips for improving the strength of your passwords.

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Here are Paul Duckin’s top tips on how to pick a proper password. Paul is a computer security expert at the cyber security firm Sophos:

  • Make your passwords hard to guess – avoid passwords based on nicknames, birthdays, quotations or the names of pets
  • Go as long and complex as you can – aim for 14 characters or longer, and mix together different letters, numbers and punctuation marks such as ! or $. Or you can take several unusual words and combine them into a meaningless phrase.
  • Consider using a password manager – these can help you make up random complex passwords and remember which password goes with which website. If you use a password manager, you will need a really good password for the manager itself.
  • Don’t re-use passwords for different accounts – use a different password for each account

Activity 3 Re-thinking your password

Timing: 10 minutes

Consider the passwords you were trying in Activity 2 and try to improve on them by following the advice above. Check them in the Password checker.

Remember not to use your real password.

Use your reflective journal to make a note of the techniques you used to make a strong password.

Discussion

The video should have provided you with some tips on how to improve your password.

Software for hacking passwords is getting more sophisticated and can find your password by repeatedly attempting to log in to your account. A computer program can work through thousands of dictionary words and letter combinations in a matter of minutes. This is why it is so important to ensure that your password is hard to guess. An additional measure is to change your password every few months.

For some kinds of information, such as online banking, even strong passwords aren’t secure enough. Passwords alone can be subject to attack and leave your information vulnerable.

A number of companies, including Facebook, Google, Microsoft, Apple and eBay, support a system known as ‘two-factor authentication’. This is where the user is required to enter two pieces of information before they can log in. Two-factor authentication is called different names by different websites, for example, Facebook calls it ‘login approvals’. If you are a Facebook user, you may have come across this when logging into Facebook from a new computer.

It is worth finding out whether two-factor authentication is available on sites you use. In general, if a site requires a strong password or offers two-factor authentication, it is more likely to be trustworthy.

2 How to protect yourself