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How to say no at work without guilt or conflict

Updated Tuesday, 3 June 2025

Setting boundaries at work can be challenging, but knowing how to say no effectively is an essential skill. Whether you're protecting your time, managing workload, or maintaining a healthy work-life balance, the way you communicate your refusal can make all the difference. Here’s how to do it with clarity and professionalism.

How often do you say no to a request at work? How often do you wish you’d said no to a request at work? There are lots of good reasons to turn down a task – perhaps you don’t have the time for it, or you know it’s not part of your skill set. You want to look after your work-life balance. You might even be worried about what your colleagues will think – are you ‘that person’ who always steps forward to take something on? On the other hand, you don’t want to appear as if you’re not up to the job, or not enough of a team-player, by always turning things down. How can you refuse a request without causing offence? If you say no to something, will that give your colleagues or managers reason to doubt your abilities and team spirit? In this article, we’re going to look at a few different ways we can choose our words carefully to set boundaries when we offer – or refuse – to do something. 

Let’s explore some real-world examples of how to say no professionally and constructively. 

Fauci’s constructive refusal 

In the early weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic, Dr Anthony Fauci, an American immunologist who was one of the lead members of the White House Coronavirus Task Force, received countless requests for his time. Here’s an example of how he managed expectations while maintaining his professional relationships:  

Email 1:  

From: Paul Stoffel 

Sent: February 13, 2020 

To: Anthony Fauci 

Subject: COVID-19 vaccine development 

Dear Tony 

Four weeks ago our team kicked off the experimental work on the development of a COVID-19 vaccine. [redacted material] If you have time for a meeting on the 21st in the afternoon or a call in the course of the next 10 days, I would very much appreciate. Feel free to call me or have your assistant connect with my assistant to set up a call. I will be in Europe till the 19th 

Best regards, 

Paul  


Email 2: 

From: Anthony Fauci  

Sent: February 13, 2020 

To: Paul Stoffel 

Subject: RE: COVID-19 vaccine development 

Paul: 

Thanks for the note. I will have Patty Conrad try to work something out for Feb 21st. My schedule is at the mercy of the White House and the Congress and so I cannot guarantee anything right now.  

Best regards, 

Tony  


What do you think of Fauci’s response? Would you feel optimistic about the chances of a call happening, if you were Paul Stoffel? Fauci is being realistic about his availability, by explaining that US governmental bodies have priority claims on his schedule (quite understandably!). By providing an explanation for his lack of agreement, he makes it easier for the other person to understand why they are being turned down. At the same time, he shows willingness to make it work by explicitly stating he will pass the scheduling task on to his assistant. This shows Paul Stoffel that Fauci values their professional relationship, and is saying ‘not right now’ rather than ‘not at all’.  

A corporate example of saying no with professionalism

Most of us are not a world-leading medical researcher fielding requests from all sides during a global pandemic! But the key principles behind a constructive refusal that we’ve seen in the email exchange above can be applied in any professional situation. Here’s a less high-stakes example from the Enron Corporation Email Database, sent from one senior employee to another. 


Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2001  

From: ben.jacoby@enron.com 

To: louise.kitchen@enron.com 

Subject: Re: Tomorrow's Origination Meeting 

  

Louise:   

Apologies, but I will not be able to attend or call into tomorrow's meeting. Heather and I are going to Tulsa to meet with Williams to discuss a toll off of Midway and Ft. Pierce. Fred, however, will attend. 

I have the following updates on our Q4 deals: 

[redacted] 


In this example, Ben Jacoby is clearly and unambiguously saying no to a meeting. As in the previous email example, his message includes several features that mitigate the potential impact of his absence: an explicit apology, an explanation for the absence, a mention of a representative in his stead (Fred), and a detailed list of updates that would presumably have been shared by him at the meeting. These indicate his understanding of the importance of the meeting, and show respect towards his colleague. 

Key takeaways: how to say no effectively  

In these two examples, we’ve seen the following strategies at work when we need to say no and protect our time: 

  • Apologise if appropriate 

  • Explain why it can’t be done 

  • If it’s a ‘not now, but later’, make that clear – and say when ‘later’ might be 

  • Provide information or other resources that can help instead 

  • Suggest an alternative colleague (with their agreement!) 

  • Show you value the professional relationship (thanks for your note, I wish we could meet, etc.) 

Putting it into practice 

Next time you ask someone to do something at work and they say no, notice how many of these strategies they use – and how that makes their refusal come across. Likewise, if you find yourself in the position of the refuser, which principles will you apply in your refusal?  

Saying no isn’t about avoiding responsibility; it’s about protecting your time and ensuring that when you say yes, you truly mean it. 

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