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Welsh history and its sources
Welsh history and its sources

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Wales glossary

Wales glossary

Browse the glossary using this index

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C

Customs of the manor

Leases by which land was held. Originally these were agreed between lord and tenant, but in time became customary.

Custumals


Cutting bottom

Cleaning an area of the floor in preparation for getting at the coal seam.

Cyfarthfa

One of the four great ironworks of Merthyr Tydfil, along with Dowlais, Penydarren and Plymouth. Established in the 1760s, its most famous (or infamous) owners were the Crawshay dynasty of ironmasters.

Cyfran

Division of land between male heirs.

Cylchgrawn

Periodical or magazine.

Cymanfa Ganu

Singing festival.

Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg

The Welsh Language Society. Founded in 1962, under the inspiration of Lewis, Saunders’ radio lecture Tynged yr Iaith (‘The Fate of the Language’), to promote the status of the Welsh language.

Cymmrodorion


Cymorth/Cymortha

The practice of mutual help in the community. Originated in need for co-operative labour in the countryside. Had been corrupted to financial exactions by Marcher lords.


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