Edward Williams (1747–1826). Stonemason, polymath and democrat — also literary forger and inventor of the Gorsedd.

Projected legislation of 1880, passed in 1881, to restore order in Ireland after the Irish National Land League had organised tenants into resisting eviction from their land. The first legislation for which the Parliamentary device of the closure was imposed by the Speaker of the House of Commons.

The movement to give Ireland independence from the rest of Britain.