(1660–1709) Welsh scholar and keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.

Collective term for the deputy-lieutenants of a county.

Daughter of Lloyd George. Liberal MP, later Labour MP, for Carmarthenshire.

(1619–1659), Puritan preacher and writer in Gwynedd. His book Llyfr y Tri Aderyn (Book of the Three Birds) is a dialogue between an eagle (representing the government), a raven (representing the Church of England), and a dove (representing the Puritans).

The peninsular part of north-west Wales.

Early Welsh hero, to whom a series of poems written in the ninth and tenth centuries was attributed.

(c.1173–1240), prince of Gwynedd, where he consolidated his power before moving into neighbouring territories, having his conquests recognised by Henry III under the Treaty of Worcester in 1218. He continued to extend his dominance in north and mid Wales, and although he did not adopt the title ‘Prince of Wales’, in 1230 he adopted the style ‘Prince of Aberffraw and Lord of Snowdon.’ His last years were marked by his efforts to ensure the succession of his son Dafydd.

(c.1173–1240), prince of Gwynedd where he consolidated his power before moving into neighbouring territories, having his conquests recognised by Henry III under the Treaty of Worcester in 1218. He continued to extend his dominance in north and mid Wales, and although he did not adopt the title ‘Prince of Wales’, in 1230 he adopted the style ‘Prince of Aberffraw and Lord of Snowdon.’ His last years were marked by his efforts to ensure the succession of his son Dafydd.

(c. 1223-1282). Prince of Gwynedd who took advantage of civil war in England to proclaim himself ‘Prince of Wales’ in 1258. By the Treaty of Montgomery in 1267, Edward I recognised this title, but failure to do homage to Edward led to Edward’s conquest of north Wales in 1277 and Llywelyn’s submission at the Treaty of Aberconwy. A new revolt against English dominance sparked by Llywelyn’s brother Dafydd led to Llywelyn’s death at Cilmeri in 1282.

See Llywelyn ab Iorwerth (Llywelyn Fawr/Llywelyn the Great).