1803–15. In essence a continuation of Britain's involvement in continental wars starting in 1793 when French revolutionary armies had occupied Belgium, and France declared war on Britain and Holland. Ended with a final defeat of the Emperor Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

(Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru). Established by the Government of Wales Act, 1998, the National Assembly has devolved powers of government in Wales that were further increased by the Government of Wales Act, 2006.

‘National Government’ is a term given to coalition governments formed during times of crisis, such as wartime. The intention is to create a government of national unity. In the UK, a ‘national government’ headed by David Lloyd George was formed in 1916, during the First World War, lasting until 1922; and in 1931 a ‘national government’ was formed under Ramsey Macdonald which lasted, with several changes of prime minister (Stanley Baldwin, Neville Chamberlain and Winston Churchill) until 1945.

Introduced by the Liberal government to be paid for out of increased taxes in the budget of 1909.

See St Fagans National History Museum.

In Cathays Park, Cardiff. Foundation stone laid in 1912, but not open to the public until 1927.

See Reform League.

See Reform League.

Act of 1795 for the raising of men for the Navy.

Excess of out-migration (emigration) over inward migration (immigration).

The three–pronged Chartist march on Newport in 1839 which ended in tragedy as marchers were fired upon by soldiers stationed in the Westgate Hotel, Newport. See Chartism.

The New Zealand international rugby team. They play in an all-black strip.

1929 riot at the Nine Mile Point Colliery, Cwmfelinfach, Monmouthshire.

Generic name given to various denominations, mainly Methodist, Baptists and Independents, which had broken away from the established Church, the Church of England.

Best-known of the Chartist newspapers. See Chartism.

Set up in 1874. Led to confrontation with the Union owners.

Developing around a nucleus – in this case villages developing around church and manor.