Surname given to the Angevin line of kings descended from Geoffrey, Count of Anjou. The Plantaganets ruled England from 1154 to 1485. Henry II was the first Plantaganet king.

The Welsh words for ‘gentry houses’.

Group founded by Ablett, Noah in 1909 believing in class war and the overthrow of capitalism.

One of the four great ironworks of Merthyr Tydfil, along with Cyfarthfa, Dowlais and Penydarren. So called because it was established on land belonging to the Earl of Plymouth.

Gallery in slate quarry.

The system of helping the poor had hardly changed since Tudor times, but was under increasing strain in the early nineteenth century as the poor rate increased for the wealthier members of society. The result was a Poor Law Commission and a Poor Law Amendment Act in 1834 which recommended stopping outdoor assistance to the poor and advocated the building of workhouses by parish unions where people would be kept in a condition worse than that of the lowest-paid workers outside.

Those responsible for administering the Poor Law centrally. Involved regulations for elections of Boards of Guardians who administered unemployment relief locally.

One of a series of Elizabethan poor laws which attempted to deal with the increasing problem of poverty and vagrancy in the sixteenth century.

Fabricated conspiracy causing persecution of Catholics 1678–1681, in the course of which several Welsh victims were hanged, drawn and quartered.

Attempts from the mid-1930s to mobilise anti-Conservative elements in Britain and unite Socialist League, Communists and the Labour party against Fascism and the National government.