Derived from the names of two continental theologians who held Unitarian views (see also Unitarianism).

(1899–1920). Also know as the ‘Second Boer War.’ Arose to resolve issues of sovereignty between Britain and Afrikaners, and resulted in the absorption of the two Boer (Afrikaner) republics of the Orange Free State and the Transvaal Republic into the British Empire.

‘The Fed’, established in 1898 to represent the interests of coal miners in south Wales.

Fought from 1936 to 1939 between right-wing generals under Franco and the left-wing popular front government. About 2,000 Britons fought for the International Brigade against Franco. The biggest contingent in terms of national population came from the ranks of unemployed south Wales miners, though north Wales was represented too.

See Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge (SPCK).

(c.1552–1629) The great map-maker of the early seventeenth century.

1930s’ coal miners’ union in the English Midlands which broke away from the official old-established coalfield union.

The prop used to support the roof when working a seam of coal.

The pillar and stall method of mining involved taking coal from an area, leaving a pillar of coal to support the roof. The mined area was the chamber or stall assigned to one miner to work.

Joseph Morewood Staniforth (1863–1921) was staff cartoonist for the Cardiff daily newspaper the Western Mail, its sister paper the Evening Express, and also for the Sunday newspaper the News of the World, from the early 1890s until his death. Estimated to have drawn over 15,000 cartoons in the course of his career, some of his most popular work was republished in separate volumes.