For the Teacher who always stand at the front I would advise him/her the value of formative checks and give an example of one thing that can be done like giving learners activities to do in group and the teacher moves from one group to another observing what learners are doing and facilitating learning where necessary. Observing learners behavior and appreciating their efforts.

For a learners who feel afraid to give wrong answers or make mistake, the teacher need to promote the value of differing opinions and appreciate learners effort instead of correct or wrong answer. The teacher should guide the student to arrive at a plausible conclusion by asking more question and engaging learners in different activities to challenge or support their ideas.