Welsh history and its sources: Wales glossary

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Welsh history and its sources

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Wales glossary

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C

Circulating schools

System of elementary education founded by Griffith Jones (1683–1761), rector of Llanddowror, Carmarthenshire (Dyfed).

Civil War

The war between King Charles I and Parliament, 1642–8. In fact, there were two periods of civil war – the First Civil War, 1642–7, and the Second Civil War, 1648.

Clanlands

Lands belonging to groups of related individuals in the kindred system.

Clare, Gilbert de

The fourth of that name in the de Clare dynasty, 1243–95. Known as ‘the Red Earl’. Sided in turn with the two Llywelyns and with the English king. Marcher lord of Glamorgan and one of the most powerful men in Wales.

Clod

Lumps of coal and earth stuck together.

Coalition Liberals

Those Liberals who supported the coalition government of Liberals and Conservatives under Lloyd George after the 1918 election.

Coal trimmer

A skilled job in the coalmining industry.

Collectivist

A term often applied to that co-operative activity, for example in wartime, which draws the resources of virtually all classes and groups in the nation into collective or co-operative action.

Combinations

Early name for trade unions.

Commissioners

People appointed by the Government to conduct Parliamentary investigation, e.g. the Poor Law Commission in 1832.

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