Acknowledgements

This free course was written by Rosalind Crone and Daniel Weinbren.

Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] ), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence.

The material acknowledged below is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course:

Images

Figure 1: The illustration shows three ‘ticket-of-leave men’ From: Henry Mayhew and John Binny, The Criminal Prisons of London (London, 1862). Image: Courtesy: Rosalind Crone.

Figure 2: Boys at lessons in the gymnasium.  https://www.mylearning.org/stories/leeds-reformatory-schools/985 https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-nc/ 2.0/

Figure 3: Joshua Jebb, Illustrated London News, 11 July 1863: Bridgeman Images

Figure 4: A convict prisoner’s ‘good conduct’ badge © Galleries of Justice https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-nc-sa/ 3.0/

Figure 5: Norfolk Island penal colony, c.1847. Illustrated London News, 12 June 1847: Image: Bridgeman Education.

Figure 6: Bound volumes of some of Charles Dickens’ works. Photograph: John Keates/Alamy Stock Photo.

Figure 7: separate cell at Pentonville Prison. From: Henry Mayhew and John Binny, The Criminal Prisons of London (London, 1862). Image: Courtesy: Rosalind Crone

Figure 8: Plan of Millbank Prison. Millbank Prison - Wikipedia

Figure 9 Michael Davitt (1846–1906) https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ Michael_Davitt#/ media/ File:Michael_Davitt_(Charlie_Farr)_restored.png

Audio-visual

Video: Change and continuity in the 1860s: © The Open University (2022) with thanks to licensors including: Punch Cartoon Library: Topfoto; Rosalind Crone; Look and Learn/Peter Jackson/Bridgeman Images; Peter Newark; Alamy; The National Archives. http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/

Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.

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