7 Summary and final thoughts

7.1 Questions

Question 1

What are the four dimensions of globalisation outlined in Section 4?

Question 2

Outline, in no more than 100 words, the distinctions between the three approaches to achieving sustainability outlined in this course.

Question 3

Organise the following under the headings ‘government’ and ‘governance’:

• clearly defined state actors

• linear model

• multi-layer

• power is dispersed or opaque

• top-down

• network model

• domination through rules or force may be required to ensure universal acceptance of a decision

• simple and intuitive representation of citizens through election

• mixes state and non-state actors (including e.g. NGOs)

• evolving and ongoing process

• acceptance of and support for decisions by all players arises out of wide participation in earlier debate

• formal institutions and procedures.

Question 4

List five features (think ‘OPASI’) frequently associated with good governance, and give brief summaries of them. (Please write no more than 100 words for the whole answer.)

Question 5

What makes ecological citizenship distinctive? Give two reasons (a short paragraph on each).

Question 6

Match the following approaches to sustainability – business learns, radical break, or sustainability steps – with the ideas they promote listed below:

best practice databases

ecological tax reform

corporate sustainability reporting

Local Economic Trading Systems

Forest Stewardship Council.

Question 7

In around 100 words, outline what claims are made for the Web as a medium that might aid transitions to sustainability.