14.3.1 Rural water supply – new construction
Plans for new rural water schemes were developed using several different types and sources of data. In addition to the population and water source information mentioned above, they also considered the range of water supply technologies available, the number of people each could serve, and their service life (how many years each was expected to last). The type of scheme and number for each region depended on the size of geographical area, population and potential source of water. This complex process resulted in plans to create nearly 100,000 new rural water supply schemes across Ethiopia in order to achieve 100% access, of which more than 40,000 are self-supply schemes at household or community level.
Do you recall from Study Session 13, roughly how many of these planned new schemes for rural water supply are self-supply schemes?
According to the extract from the results framework in Table 13.1, more than 42,000 self-supply water facilities are planned.
The regional distribution and the range of different technologies to be constructed are shown in Table 14.1. Table 14.2 shows how many people were expected to benefit from each of the potential technologies considered. You can see illustrations of a few of these technologies in Figure 14.1.
| Region | Household-dug well with rope pump | Community-dug well with rope pump | Dug well with hand pump | Capped spring | Spring with piped system | Shallow borehole with hand pump | Shallow borehole with submersible pump | Deep borehole with piped scheme | Multi-village scheme | Rainwater harvesting | Cistern | Hafir dam | Total | |
| Tigray | – | – | 947 | 185 | – | 785 | 186 | 138 | 1 | – | – | – | 2242 | |
| Gambella | – | 101 | 268 | 87 | – | 237 | 6 | 4 | – | – | – | – | 702 | |
| B. Gumuz | – | – | 711 | 309 | – | 414 | 22 | 20 | – | – | – | – | 1,476 | |
| Dire Dawa | – | – | – | – | – | 32 | 5 | 3 | – | – | – | – | 41 | |
| Harari | – | – | – | – | – | 7 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 30 | – | – | 42 | |
| Somali | – | – | – | – | – | – | 35 | 88 | 2 | 244 | 1397 | 879 | 2645 | |
| Amhara | 7088 | 9479 | 8068 | 1724 | 17 | 2718 | 326 | 135 | – | – | – | – | 29,555 | |
| Afar | – | – | – | – | – | 267 | 27 | 51 | – | 475 | 670 | – | 1491 | |
| SNNPR | 1299 | 1955 | 4438 | 4588 | 143 | 2640 | 684 | 356 | – | 1467 | – | – | 17,571 | |
| Oromia | 8724 | 13,959 | 9785 | 5145 | 51 | 3681 | 805 | 479 | – | – | – | – | 42,628 | |
| Total | 17,034 | 25,495 | 24,217 | 12,037 | 211 | 10,781 | 2076 | 1275 | 4 | 2216 | 2067 | 879 | 98,393 |
| Type of scheme | Number of beneficiaries from each new scheme |
|---|---|
| Household-dug well with rope pump | 6 |
| Community-dug well with rope pump | 75 |
| Dug well with hand pump | 270 |
| Capped spring | 350 |
| Spring with piped system | 4000 |
| Shallow borehole with hand pump | 500 |
| Shallow borehole with submersible pump | 1500 |
| Deep borehole with piped scheme | 3500 |
| Multi-village scheme | 5000 |
| Rainwater harvesting | 100 |
| Cistern | 100 |
| Hafir dam | 500 |
| Other | 800 |
Based on the data in Tables 14.1 and 14.2, approximately how many people in the Harari region are expected to benefit from shallow boreholes with submersible pumps and how many from rainwater harvesting schemes?
In the Harari region, the estimates are that 4 shallow boreholes with submersible pumps will serve 4 × 1500 = 3000 people and 30 rainwater harvesting schemes will serve 30 × 100 = 3000 people.
14.3 Plans for rural water supply