15.1 The OWNP and its dynamics

The world is a dynamic place and for any long-term programme like the OWNP the possibility of change needs to be taken into account. Some future changes may be expected and predictable, others may be unforeseen. Some will have positive effects, others may be negative. Being aware of and understanding possible change is important so that impacts can be mitigated. Mitigation means reducing the negative effects of some undesirable event or situation.

In previous study sessions you have learned about the policies that underpin the OWNP, the institutional arrangements and organisation at different levels of government, and the approach to financial management. As the Programme develops it is possible that these central structures and its organisation may change over time, especially if monitoring reveals there are better ways of doing things that could improve efficiency. The review at the end of Phase 1 and the ongoing M&E process that you read about in Study Session 13 will provide feedback on the Programme that may require changes to timescale and implementation plans.

In Study Session 14 you read that the total amount of money required for the OWNP is estimated to be US$2.41 billion. The contributions to the Consolidated WASH Account and funds from other donors have provided a large part of this fund, but the full amount is not yet secured. Furthermore, like any financial estimate, there is always some degree of uncertainty about possible variations in budget forecasts due to unforeseen circumstances. One possible example of the unforeseen is an uncontrollable natural disaster or crisis that requires reallocation of funds in response to a shift in national priorities. There is no guarantee that all the necessary funds for WASH improvements will be committed to the Programme.

The dynamics of the OWNP are also a function of its ‘newness’ in Ethiopia. The ‘One Plan, One Budget, One Report’ principle of the OWNP has led to innovative collaborations and partnerships that are still relatively new. The challenges of integration and harmonisation among stakeholders and of developing new ways of working require changes in long-standing practices, and this can take time before new relationships are fully developed. These cultural and behavioural changes all contribute to the challenge of achieving the OWNP goals.