Acknowledgements
This free course was written by Paul Troop and was first published in November 2025..
OpenLearn editor: Dale Harry
Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] ), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence.
The material acknowledged below is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course:
Images
Figure 1: The Open University
Figure 2: Kim Raff/The News & Advance via AP Archive
Figure 3: The Open University
Figure 4: The Open University
Figure 5: The Open University
Figure 6: Paul Troop
Figure 7: Barry Mason/Alamy Stock Photo
Figure 8: Ajizai. Used under CCO public Domain licence/Wikimedia. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
Figure 9: Steeve-x-foto/Alamy Stock Photo
Figure 10: (c) John Kent/www.shipspotting.com
Figure 11: Leo Cullum/Cartoonstock
Figure 12: The Open University
Figure 13: The Open University
Figure 14: The Open University
Figure 15: Stephen Barnes/Law and Order/ Alamy Stock Photo
Figure 16: The Open University
Figure 17: Picture of Thomas Bayes taken from https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Bayes/poster/died/
Figure 18: The Open University
Figure 19: PA Images/Alamy Stock Photo
Figure 20: Image 1 2022: PA Images/Alamy Stock Photo; Image 2 2019: Dave Shopland/BPI/Shutterstock; Image 3 2018: News Images LTD / Alamy Stock Photo; Image 4 2021: PA Images / Alamy Stock Photo
Figure 21: REUTERS/Alamy Stock Photo
Text
The Adventure of the Dancing Men Arthur Conan Doyle: Smith, Elder & Co. of London
Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
Don’t miss out
If reading this text has inspired you to learn more, you may be interested in joining the millions of people who discover our free learning resources and qualifications by visiting The Open University – www.open.edu/ openlearn/ free-courses.