There are several sustainability challenges that aquaculture will face as an industry.

1. Biological ones as in any food production system we want to achieve a high animal performance growth while ensuring a high welfare condition, and robust healthy animals;
2. Biodiversity aspects related to some natural habitats;
3. Use feed resources that are sustainable;
4. Guarantee that aquaculture fish are safe, are of the highest quality, and have a significant contribution to human health;
5. Comply with consumer demands on ethical farming standards.

This is further detailed in the video below.

We hope to have shown you that when formulating feeds for fish and shrimp is a complex process. First, we have to cover the nutritional requirements in terms of all essential nutrients, that allow for balanced growth, and also promote the well-being of the animals being fed. This means that feeds need to be adapted for each species and age group for instance in terms of protein and fat levels. Moreover, raw materials that are used in the formulation need to change depending on the species and age, as fish species and ages have different preferences and tolerance to various ingredients. Also, aspects like fish feed intake, digestion, and utilization have to take into account depending on the fish species. Finally, we must have adequate feeding practices and pellet properties adapted to each species behaviour.