The artistic movement we call the Renaissance was born in Florence, Italy, in the early decades of the fifteenth century. By the end of 1400, it had spread all over Italy. By the first half of the next century, when Rome overtook Florence as its main artistic centre, it had achieved the most classic results.

At the same time, it began to spread throughout the rest of Europe, beginning a complete artistic revolution, the effects of which would continue, with constant events, for centuries, until almost the threshold of our time.

This movement, although quite complex and internally varied, established principles, methods and, above all, original but typical forms.

Such forms come from two main sources: the reuse, after an interval of almost a millennium, of the characteristic forms of classical art - Greek art and Roman art. And the application of a new technical discovery: the perspective, set of mathematical and drawing rules that allow reproducing on a sheet of paper or on any flat surface, the real aspect of objects.

In addition to reviving the ancient Greco-Roman culture, much progress and countless achievements in the field of arts, literature, and science have surpassed the classical heritage. The ideal of humanism was undoubtedly the motel of this progress and became the very spirit of the Renaissance. It is a deliberate return that proposed the conscious (rebirth) resurrection of the past, now regarded as a source of inspiration and model of civilization. In a broad sense, this ideal can be understood as the valorization of man (Humanism) and nature, as opposed to the divine and the supernatural, concepts that had permeated the culture of the Middle Ages.

General features:

 Rationality;

 Dignity of the Human Being;

 Scientific rigour;

 Ideal Humanist;

 Reuse of Greco-Roman arts.

Maritime expansion with the exploration of new continents and scientific research proclaimed confidence in man, and at the same time, the Protestant Reformation diminished the dominance of the Church. The result was that the study of God as the Supreme Being was replaced by the study of the human being, including the study of anatomy. From detailed portraits such as emotional intensity and surreal lighting, art has been the means of exploring all facets of life on earth.