Although LCA provides a solid framework for measuring emissions through a value chain, its scope is somewhat narrow for agricultural systems. Original LCA methodology did not include water consumption or land use, which have subsequently been added to many LCA studies. Other metrics can also be considered and integration with socio-economic indicators has also been initiated in Life Cycle Costing and Social Life Cycle Assessments. The LCA framework can be applied to any number of quantitative indicators that could be measured throughout the supply chain of a product. These include other environmental issues such as Fish In Fish Out ratios, renewable and non-renewable energy use, socio-economic issues such as the number of male and female employees, value-added, and even welfare issues such as the number of fish mortalities. Some of these issues are only relevant for some parts of the value chain and others may be difficult to obtain data for the whole value chain where secondary or background data is applied such as socio-economic data for producing various feed ingredients. Other important issues may not be possible to integrate within an LCA framework and must be measured as qualitative indicators which may then be included along with LCA indicators into a sustainability index. Qualitative indicators will be covered later in the module along with ways to construct indices.