Figure 1. Flowchart defined for the production of marine peptones useful as organic nitrogen source for the growth of lactic acid bacteria or probiotic marine bacteria. This was developed by Xosé Antón Vázquez Álvarez, Group of Recycling and Valorisation of Waste Materials (REVAL), IIM-CSIC. It is licensed under Creative Commons 4.0 cc-by-nc-sa.

Figure 2. Top: Composition of MRS commercial medium and marine peptone-MRS medium. Bottom-left: Kinetics of the LAB Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation showing productions of biomass (X), lactic acid (L), acetic acid (A) and viable cells (G) on peptones from hydrolysis heads and MRS-control. Bottom-right: Comparison of biomass production costs for L. plantarum in the alternative media formulated with marine peptones and in the commercial MRS medium. The figure shows the composition of commercial MRS medium and alternative medium based on marine peptones together with lactic acid bacterium growth on those media. This was developed by Xosé Antón Vázquez Álvarez, Group of Recycling and Valorisation of Waste Materials (REVAL), IIM-CSIC. It is licensed under Creative Commons 4.0 cc-by-nc-sa.

Figure 3. Top: Composition of Marine commercial medium and marine peptone-Marine medium (Marine-REVAL-IIM). Bottom-left: Kinetics of the PMB Phaeobacter sp. fermentation showing productions of biomass (X) and viable cells (G) on peptones from hydrolysis heads and MRS-control. Bottom-right: Comparison of biomass production costs for Phaeobacter sp. in the alternative media formulated with marine peptones and in the commercial Marine medium. This figure shows the composition of commercial Marine medium and alternative medium based on marine peptones together with probiotic marine bacterium growth on those media. This was developed by Xosé Antón Vázquez Álvarez, Group of Recycling and Valorisation of Waste Materials (REVAL), IIM-CSIC. It is licensed under Creative Commons 4.0 cc-by-nc-sa.