References

Ekman, J. and E. Amnå (2012) ‘Political participation and civic engagement:  towards a new typology’, Human Affairs 22: 283–300.

The Electoral Commission, Explore the data: Who is and isn't registered to vote?, Available at: Explore the data: Who is and isn't registered to vote? | Electoral Commission [Accessed on 09/09/2025]

Kende, J., Reiter, J., Coşkan, C. Doosje, B. and E. G. T. Green (2024) ‘Immigrant political participation is associated with more positive majority immigration attitudes across European countries and Swiss cantons’, Comparative Migration Studies 12:5.

Klarenbeek, L. M. (2021) ‘Reconceptualising ‘integration as a two-way process’’, Migration Studies 9(3): 902–921.

Nolan-Flecha, N. (2019) ‘Next generation diversity and inclusion policies in the public service: Ensuring public services reflect the societies they serve’, OECD Working Papers on Public Governance No. 34.

Office for National Statistics (2022) 'International Migration, England and Wales: Census 2021', 2 November 2022, Available at: International migration, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics [Accessed on 09/09/2025]

Sobolewska, M. and A. Barclay (2021) 'The Democratic Participation of Ethnic Minority and Immigrant Voters in the UK', A report funded by The UK Democracy Fund, a Joseph Rowntree Reform Trust (JRRT) initiative.

Uberoi, E. and H. Carthew (2023) ‘Ethnic diversity in politics and public life’, House of Commons Library, 12 October 2023.

 

 

Last modified: Tuesday, 9 September 2025, 4:04 PM