2.1 FOUNDATION AND RATIONALE
Many reforms are geared to enable teachers/trainers to move away from standard ‘learning by rote’ methods. On the other hand actively engaging learners is encouraged to develop learners’ knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary for the 21st century. To develop both learners' and teachers’/trainers' competencies, it is important to understand the foundations and rationale of actively engaging learners. Therefore, this subtopic focuses on the underlying principles of Active Teaching and Learning.