Charts and maps can be used to present abstract ideas or show their relationships in a visual form. A chart is a graphical representation where data is represented by symbols such as bars, lines or slices. A map is a graphical representation of tri-dimensional space where physical, social, medical or other features can also be indicated, e.g. brain map, DNA map, cosmic map etc.). It can be static (road map) or animated (weather forecast).

Steps and resources

1. Choose the kind of charts and maps you need, according to the data you want to illustrate.
   
2. Draw your charts and maps before the lesson, either by hand (with flipchart, manila paper or rice-sacks, colour markers and a ruler) or by computer using free office software or maps available on the internet.
   
3. Display the charts and maps in class in a visible way (stick it to the board, or use a projector).
   

Tips

• Bring the world inside your classroom using Google Maps and Google Earth mapping services.
• Make simultaneous reference to the chart or map to enhance understanding of the concepts introduced.
  
• Engage the learners in researching or drawing maps and charts helps them to memorise the lesson.
  
• Charts and maps should be designed in a clear and attractive way (colours, labelling, etc.)
  
• Charts and maps can be used at the different stages of a lesson to facilitate discussion and consolidate knowledge
  
  
  

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